Ch 10 Study Guide

World History

 

  1. Before the Scientific Revolution, whose ideas was much of science based on?

 

 

  1. Give 3 reasons that helped spark the Scientific Revolution.

 

 

  1. What was another term for the Ptolemaic version of the universe? Explain it.

 

 

  1. What was Copernicus’ view of the universe called? Describe it.

 

 

  1. Who used math to prove Copernicus’ theory?

 

 

  1. What did Galileo say about the make-up of planets that put him at odds with the Church?

 

 

  1. What did Newton say all objects had?

 

 

  1. What were Newton’s 3 laws of motion?

 

 

  1. What were Galen’s ideas about medicine based on?

 

 

  1. Who disproved Galen’s ideas by using cadavers?

 

 

  1. What key observation did Harvey make about the  human body?

 

 

  1. Who said “I think, therefore I am?”

 

 

  1. What is the scientific method? Who developed it?

 

 

  1. What was the Enlightenment?

 

 

  1. Who said that eventually the natural laws of society would eventually be found?

 

 

  1. What did Locke say would determine if someone would end up good or bad? What would happen if everyone were taught the right things from birth?

 

 

  1. From what country were the most prominent Enlightenment thinkers?

 

 

  1. What is the idea of separation of powers? Who came up with it?

 

 

  1. What was Voltaire and Diderot very critical of?

 

 

  1. What was the religious idea of Deism?

 

 

  1. What does “laissez faire” mean in the world of economics?

 

 

  1. Who is considered the “father of modern economics?”

 

 

  1. According to Smith, what are the only 3 jobs the gov’ t has?

 

 

  1. What did Beccaria oppose? Why?

 

 

  1. Why were punishments so harsh and visible in Europe at the time?

 

 

  1. What were 2 points Rousseau wrote about it his Social Contract?

 

 

 

  1. What did Mary Wollstonecraft write about?

 

 

  1. What kind of new reading material began to be published in this time period?

 

 

  1. What was a salon and how did it enable some women to have influence in the world of music, art, philosophy and politics?

 

 

 

  1. What new religious denomination sprang up in England? Who did it appeal to at first?

 

 

  1. What was the name of the new musical style that became popular in the late 1700s? Give an example of a composer from this style.

 

 

  1. What was “Enlightened Absolutism?”

 

 

  1. Which country went the farthest with Enlightenment reforms? How did this work out for them?

 

 

  1. Who fought in the Seven Years War? Why could it be called the “First World War?”

 

 

 

  1. What was the result of the Seven Years War?